What is Rheumatoid Arthritis?

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory arthritis. It is associated with joint pain, swelling and stiffness. It can be associated with inflammation of other organs, such as the eyes, lungs or skin.

Diagnosis is made through a combination of physical exam, certain blood tests and radiographic studies.

TREATMENT

Once diagnosed, a disease modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) is prescribed to control symptoms and prevent joint damage. Common DMARDs include methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine, sulfasalazine, leflunomide. Nonsteroidal anti inflammatories or low doses of a corticosteroid may be used along with a DMARD. If RA cannot be controlled with these medications, a rheumatologist may prescribe a biologic medication such as a TNF inhibitor, abatacept, rituximab, tocilizumab or JAK inhibitors such as tofacitinib or upadacitinib.

Patients with RA can have a good quality of life and help manage their RA. They should eat a healthy diet, stay physically active, do exercises to maintain muscle strength and for gentle range of motion and stretching.

arthritis foundation

For additional resources and advice, visit the Arthritis Foundation online.